Estrategias pedagógicas innovadoras para el desarrollo de competencias matemáticas en educación secundaria: revisión sistemática
Palabras clave:
Educación secundaria, enseñanza de las matemáticas, aprendizaje activo, innovación educativa.Resumen
El estudio que se presenta analiza la evidencia científica sobre la efectividad de las estrategias pedagógicas innovadoras en el desarrollo de competencias matemáticas en estudiantes de educación secundaria. Se realiza una revisión sistemática de enfoque descriptivo siguiendo lineamientos PRISMA. Se incluyeron 35 estudios cuasi-experimentales publicados entre 2021 y 2025, indexados en Scopus, ERIC, Web of Science, Scielo y ProQuest. Los estudios compararon estrategias pedagógicas innovadoras con métodos tradicionales y evaluaron resultados cognitivos mediante pruebas de rendimiento matemático. La calidad metodológica fue analizada mediante listas de verificación del Joanna Briggs Institute. Como resultado se observa que el 85.7% reportó efectos favorables en competencias matemáticas, el 11.4% presentó resultados intermedios y solo el 2.9% resultados desfavorables. Las estrategias más frecuentes fueron las mediadas por recursos estructurantes (40.0%), como plataformas digitales, software matemático y representaciones visuales, y el aprendizaje basado en problemas (37.1%), orientado a la resolución de situaciones contextualizadas. La asignatura más abordada fue matemática general (54.3%), seguida de geometría (28.6%). Los resultados cognitivos evidenciaron mejoras significativas en rendimiento matemático, comprensión conceptual, alfabetización matemática y resolución de problemas, con tamaños del efecto mayoritariamente moderados a grandes. Se concluye que la evidencia empírica respalda de manera consistente la eficacia de las estrategias pedagógicas innovadoras para el desarrollo de competencias matemáticas en educación secundaria, especialmente aquellas mediadas por recursos estructurantes y enfoques basados en problemas, consolidándose como alternativas superiores a la enseñanza tradicional.
Citas
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