Competencias para la innovación: una revisión de su conceptualización y componentes, desde la Psicología
Palabras clave:
Competencias para la innovación, innovación a nivel individual, psicología de la innovación, componentes psicológicos, comportamiento innovador.Resumen
Este trabajo analiza las competencias para la innovación desde una perspectiva psicológica a nivel individual, en el contexto de los crecientes desafíos que enfrentan las organizaciones y las sociedades para generar soluciones creativas y sostenibles. Frente al predominio de enfoques centrados en los procesos organizacionales, el estudio aborda la necesidad de comprender las características personales que favorecen la generación e implementación de ideas novedosas, relevante para la formación del potencial humano innovador y el desarrollo científico, tecnológico y social. Con este propósito, se realizó una revisión narrativa de la literatura, basada en una búsqueda en las bases de datos PsycINFO, Scopus y Web of Science durante el período 2010-2026, mediante un muestreo intencional de 29 estudios teóricos y empíricos. Los resultados muestran que las competencias para la innovación constituyen un constructo multicomponente integrado por componentes cognitivos, como el pensamiento creativo y la flexibilidad cognitiva; disposiciones afectivo-motivacionales, como la autoeficacia innovadora y la tolerancia a la ambigüedad; y habilidades conductuales, entre ellos, la iniciativa y la exploración. Se concluye que la perspectiva psicológica aporta elementos explicativos que complementan la visión centrada en procesos organizacionales y permite proponer una definición integradora útil para la investigación, la formación de competencias y el diseño de intervenciones orientadas a fortalecer la capacidad innovadora en distintos contextos sociales y profesionales.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Mariam Ventosa Lemes, Rosa María Reyes Bravo, Rosendo López Mustelier
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