Managerial Strategies and Competitiveness in the Hotel Sector: A Document Review Applied to the Context of the Tatacoa Desert

Abstract

Competitive positioning in the contemporary hotel sector has shifted toward an organizational capabilities approach, where managerial sophistication determines corporate sustainability. This systematic review article aims to analyze the challenges and opportunities that condition the effectiveness of the economic reconversion toward tourism in the hotel sector of the Tatacoa Desert (Villavieja, Huila), through scientific and technical literature published in the 2020–2025 period. Methodologically, the study is grounded in a descriptive qualitative approach with a documentary research design, applying the inductive-deductive method and content analysis techniques on high-impact databases such as SciELO and Google Scholar. The epistemic scaffolding was structured based on the Dynamic Capabilities Theory, managerial disruption in services, and knowledge management under constructivist pedagogical approaches. The results reveal a profound sectorial paradox: while the territory enjoys high institutional recognition as a sustainable and astronomical destination, internally a functional lag prevails, dominated by reactive empiricism, managerial myopia, and a marked operational rigidity due to path dependency. It is concluded that the viability of a competitive transformation and the overcoming of local technological weaknesses do not depend unequivocally on geographical comparative advantage, but rather on the co-design of a pedagogical proposal with a constructivist approach and a corporate governance model that act as vehicles of cognitive scaffolding to institutionalize continuous organizational learning routines within the hotel organizations of the territory.